.
These lists detail important Scottish Leaders. People with have different views on each leader. Some did good work, some did bad. But I have listed them all. Showing the number of Scots who reached high office.

Scottish Leaders.
Birthplaces of Scottish First Ministers.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Donald Dewar. 1999 –2000. Glasgow, Scotland. Labour.
Jim Wallace. 2000 and 2001. Annan, Scotland. Liberal Democrat.
Henry McLeish. 2000–2001. Methil, Fife, Scotland. Labour.
Jack McConnell. 2001–2007. Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland. Labour.
Alex Salmond. 2007–2014. Linlithgow, Scotland. Scottish National Party.
Nicola Sturgeon. 2014-2023. Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland. Scottish National Party.

Humza Yousaf, 2023 - Glasgow, Scotland, Scottish National Party.

Birthplaces of Scottish Deputy First Ministers.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Jim Wallace. 1999–2005. Annan, Scotland. Liberal Democrat.
Nicol Stephen. 2005–2007. Aberdeen, Scotland. Liberal Democrat.
Nicola Strurgeon. 2007–2014. Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland. Scottish National Party.
John Swinney. 2014 -. Edinburgh, Scotland. Scottish National Party.

Shona Robison, 2023 - Redcar, Yorkshire, England, Scottish National Party.

Scottish Secretaries of State Pre-19th Century – Government Office.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
John Erskine Earl of Mar. 1707–09 and 1713–14. Scotland. Do Not Know Party.
James Douglas 2nd Duke of Queensberry. 1709–11. Sanquhar Castle, Dumfriesshire, Scotland. Do Not Know Party.
James Graham 1st Duke of Montrose. 1714–15. Scotland. Do Not Know Party.
John Ker, 1st Duke of Roxburghe. 1716–25. Do Not know Birthplace. Do Not Know Party.
John Hay, 4th Marquess of Tweeddale. 1742–46. Do Not know Birthplace. Do Not Know Party.

Secretary For Scotland- Government Office.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke of Richmond. 1885–86. Richmond House, London. Conservative Party.
Sir George Trevelyan, 2nd Baronet. 1886, and 1892-95. Rothley Temple, Leicestershire, England. Liberal Party.
John Ramsay 13th Earl of Dalhousie. 1886. Fraserburgh, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Liberal Party.
Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour. 1886–87. Whittingehame House, East Lothian, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Schomberg Kerr 9th Marquess of Lothian. 1887 – 92. Do Not Know Birthplace. Conservative Party.
Alexander Bruce 6th Lord Balfour of Burleigh. 1895-1903. Kennet, Clackmannanshire. Conservative Party.
Andrew Murray. 1903–05. Do Not Know Birthplace. Conservative Party.
John Hope 1st Marquess of Linlithgow. 1905. South Queensferry, West Lothian, Scotland. Conservative Party.
John Sinclair 1st Baron Pentland. 1905–12. Edinburgh, Scotland. Liberal Party.
Thomas Wood.  1912–16.  London, England. Liberal Party.
Harold Tennant. 1916. The Glen, Innerleithen, Peeblesshire, Scotland. Liberal Party.
Robert Munro. 1916.  Alness, Ross-shire. Liberal Party, Liberal National.
Ronald Munro Ferguson 1st Viscount Novar. 1922–24. Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland. Independent.
William Adamson. 1924. Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. Labour Party.
Sir John Gilmour. 1914–26. Montrave, Fife, Scotland. Unionist Party.


Scottish Secretaries of State From 20th Century, onwards.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Sir John Gilmour. 1926–29. Montrave, Fife, Scotland. Unionist Party.
William Adamson. 1929–31. Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. Labour Party.
Sir Archibald Sinclair.  1931-32. Chelsea, London. Liberal Party.
Sir Godfrey Collins. 1932–36. Do Not Know Birthplace. Liberal Party, National Liberal.
Dr Walter Elliot. 1936–38. Lanark, Lanarkshire, Scotland. Conservative Party, Scottish Unionist.
John Colville. 1938–40. Do Not Know Birthplace. Unionist.
Ernest Brown. 1940–41. Torquay, Devon, England. Liberal National.
Tom Johnston. 1941–45. Kirkintilloch, Scotland. Labour Party.
Harry Primrose, 6th Earl of Rosebery. 1945. Edinburgh, Scotland. Liberal, Liberal National.
Joseph Westwood. 1945–47. Do Not Know Birthplace. Labour Party.
Arthur Woodburn. 1947–50. Edinburgh, Scotland. Labour Party.
Hector McNeil. 1950-51. Garelochhead, Scotland. Labour Party.
James Stuart. 1951–57. Edinburgh, Scotland. Conservative Party.
John McLay. 1957–62. Do Not Know Birthplace. Unionist.
Michael Noble, Baron Glenkinglas. 1962–64. Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain. Unionist.
Willie Ross. 1964–70, and 1974–76. Ayr, Scotland. Labour Party.
Gordon Campbell. 1970–74, Quetta, British India (Now in Pakistan). Conservative Party.
Bruce Millan. 1976–79. Dundee, Scotland. Labour Party. (He was also a EEC commissioner, from 1989 to nineteen ninety five.  
George Younger. 1979–86 Stirling, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Malcolm Rifkind. 1986–90. Edinburgh, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Ian Lang, 1990–95, Glasgow, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Michael Forsyth. 1995–97. Montrose, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Donald Dewar. 1997–99. Glasgow, Scotland. Labour Party.
Dr John Reid. 1999-2001. Bellshill, Scotland. Labour Party.
Helen Liddell. 2001–2003. Coatbridge, Scotland. Labour Party.
Alistair Darling. 2003-2006. Hendon, England. Labour Party.
Douglas Alexander. 2006–2007. Kilwinning, North Ayrshire, Scotland. Labour Party.
Jim Murphy. 2008–2010. Glasgow, Scotland. Labour Party.
Danny Alexander. 2010. Edinburgh, Scotland. Liberal Democrat.
Michael Moore. 2010–2013. Dundonald, Northern Ireland, Liberal Democrat.
Alistair Carmichael. 2013–2015. Islay, Scotland. Liberal Democrat.
David Mundell. 2015–2019. Dumfries, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Alister Jack. 2019 - . Dumfries, Scotland. Conservative Party


Scottish Born Leaders in England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and British Empire,

Scottish Born Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
John Stuart 3rd Earl of Bute. 1762–63. Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Tory Party.
George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen. 1852–1855. Edinburgh, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour. 1902 – 05. Whittingehame House, East Lothian, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman. 1905–08. Kelvinside House, Glasgow, Scotland. Liberal Party.
Ramsay MacDonald. 1924, 1929–35. Lossiemouth, Morayshire, Scotland. Labour Party, National Labour.
Tony Blair. 1997–2007. Edinburgh, Scotland. Labour Party.
Gordon Brown. 2007–2010. Glasgow, Scotland. Labour Party.


Scottish Born Secretaries of State for Northern Ireland.
Name. Time In power. Birthplace. Party.
William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw. 1972–73. Nairn, Scotland. Conservative Party.
John Reid. 2001–2002. Edinburgh, Scotland. Labour Party.

Scottish Born Minister of Welsh Affairs.
Name. Time In power. Birthplace. Party.
David Patrick Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir. 1951–54. Edinburgh, Scotland. Conservative Party

Scottish Born Secretary of State for Wales.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Stephen Crabb. 2014–2016. Inverness, Scotland. Conservative Party.


Scottish Born Chancellors of the Exchequer of England.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
George Home 1st Earl of Dunbar. 1603–1606. Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland

Scottish Born Chancellors of the Exchequer of the United Kingdom.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield. 1757. Scone Palace, Perthshire, Scotland. Unknown Party.
Charles Ritchie, 1st Baron Ritchie of Dundee. 1902–1903. Dundee, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Robert Horne, 1st Viscount Horne of Slamannan. 1921–1922. Slamannan, Stirlingshire, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Sir John Anderson. 1943-1945. Dalkeith, Midlothian, Scotland. Independent.
Norman Lamont. 1990–1993. Lerwick, Shetland, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Gordon Brown. 1997–2007. Glasgow, Scotland. Labour Party.

Scottish Born Secretaries of State for the Home Department.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville. 1791–94. Edinburgh, Scotland. Tory Party.

(Also important overseeing the East India Company in the 1790s, and very important in the Napoleonic war, as Secretary of War)  
Charles Thomson Ritchie, 1st Baron Ritchie of Dundee. 1900–02. Tory Party.
Sir John Gilmour, 2nd Baronet. 1932–35. Montrave, Fife, Scotland. Unionist.
John Anderson, 1st Viscount Waverley. 1939–40. Eskbank, Midlothian, Scotland. Independent.
David Patrick Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir. 1951–54. Edinburgh, Scotland. Conservative Party.
William Whitelaw. 1979–83. Nairn, Scotland. Conservative Party.
John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan. 2006–2007. Bellshill, Scotland. Labour Party.

Scottish Born Foreign Secretaries of the United Kingdom.
Secretaries of State for Foreign Affairs and Secretaries of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs.
George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen. 1828–30 and 1841–46. Edinburgh, Scotland. Tory Party.
Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour. 1916 -19. Whittingehame House, East Lothian, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Ramsay MacDonald. 1924, Lossiemouth, Scotland. Labour Party.
Arthur Henderson. 1929–31. Glasgow, Scotland. Labour Party.
Malcolm Rifkind. 1995–1997. Edinburgh, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Robin Cook. 1997–2001. Bellshill, Scotland. Labour Party.

Scottish Born, House of Commons Leaders of the Opposition.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Arthur James Balfour. 1892-95 Whittingehame House, East Lothian, Scotland. Conservative.
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman. 1902-05. Glasgow, Scotland. Liberal Party.
Ramsay MacDonald. 1922-24, and 1924–28. Lossiemouth. Labour Party. National Labour.
Arthur Henderson. 1931. Glasgow. Labour Party.
John Smith. 1992–94. Dalmally. Argyll. Labour Party.
Tony Blair. 1994–97. Edinburgh, Scotland. Labour Party.

Scottish Born Chief Secretaries for Ireland.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Robert Dundas. 1809. Edinburgh, Scotland. Tory Party.
Henry Campbell-Bannerman. 1884–85. Glasgow, Scotland. Liberal Party.
Arthur Balfour.   1887–91. Whittingehame House, East Lothian, Scotland. Conservative Party.
Ian Macpherson, 1st Baron Strathcarron. 1919–20. Strone, Kingussie, Inverness-shire. Liberal Party.

Scottish Born Secretary of State for India
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll.  1868–74. Ardencaple Castle, Dunbartonshire. Liberal Party.

Scottish Born Governor-Generals of India or Governor-Generals of Bengal.
Role known by various names;
Governors General of the Presidency of Fort William (Bengal), 1773–1833.
Governors-General of India, 1833–1858.
Governors-General and Viceroys of India, 1858–1947.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
John Macpherson. 1785–1786. Sleat Isle of Skye.
Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto. 1807–13. Edinburgh, Scotland.
James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie. 1848–56. Dalhousie Castle, Midlothian, Scotland.
Victor Hope 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow. 1936–43. Linlithgowshire.
Another major figure to early 19th Century British rule in India was Burnfoot, Dumfriesshire native, John Malcolm who along with military exploits was Governor of Central India, in 1818, 



Scottish Born Governors of British Burma. Or Chief Commissioners of the British Crown Colony of Burma, or Lieutenant Governor of the British Crown Colony of Burma.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
Charles Umpherston Aitchison. 1878–1880. Edinburgh, Scotland.
Alexander Mackenzie. 1890–1895. Dumfries, Scotland.
Sir George Watson Shaw. Acting 1913. Ardrossan, Ayrshire, Scotland.
Walter Francis Rice. 1917–18. Geres, Fife, Scotland.
Sir Archibald Douglas Cochrane. 1936–41. Springfield, Cupar, Fife, Scotland.



Scottish Born Governor Generals of Nigeria.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
John Stuart Macpherson 1948–55. Edinburgh, Scotland.
Sir James Wilson Robertson. 1955- 60. Broughty Ferry, Dundee, Scotland.


Scottish Born Governors of Ceylon.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
James Stuart. Blairhall Perthshire, Scotland. 1796–97.
Thomas Maitland. 1805–11. Edinburgh, Scotland.
James Campbell. 1822–24. Possibly born in Scotland.
James Alexander Stewart-Mackenzie. 1837–41. Glasserton, Wigtownshire, Scotland.
Colin Campbell. 1841–47. Scotland.
John Anderson. 1915–18. Gartly, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
Maxwell Maclagan-Wedderburn, Acting 1937.  Madderty , Perthshire, Scotland.

List of Scottish Kings and Queens.
I will now list the Kings, and Queens of Scotland, and Guardian of Scotland in historical order.
The following early Monarchs of Scotland have conflicting information on their birthplace. So I cannot give their birthplace.
Kenneth I MacAlpin. 848–858.
Donald I. 858-862.
Constantine I. 862-877.
Aed. 877-878.
Giric. 878-889.
Eochaid. 878-889.
Donald II. 889-900.
Constantine II. 900-943.
Malcolm I. 943-954.
Indulf. 954-962.
Dub. 962-967.
Cuilén. 967-971.
Amlaíb. 973-977.
Kenneth II. 971-995.
Constantine III. 995-997.
Kenneth III. 997-1005.
Malcolm II. 1005-1034.
Duncan I. 1034-1040.
Macbeth. 1040-1057.
Lulach. 1057-1058.
Malcolm III. 1058-1093.
Donald III. 1093-1097.
Duncan II. 1094.
Edgar. 1097-1107.
Alexander I. 1107-1124.
David I. 1124-1153.
Malcolm IV. 1153-1165.
William I. 1165-1214.
Alexander II. 1214-1249.
Alexander III. 1249-1286.
Margaret the Maid of Norway. 1286–1290. Born in Norway.

Scotland then had Guardians of Scotland for two years, while John Balliol was King of Scotland.
Guardians of Scotland. 1290-92. Unknown Birthplaces.
William Fraser, Bishop of St Andrews.
Robert Wishart, Bishop of Glasgow.
John II Comyn, Lord of Badenoch.
James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland.
Alexander Comyn, Earl of Buchan.
Donnchadh III, Earl of Fife.

King of Scotland.
John Balliol. 1292-1296. Unknown Birthplace.

Guardians of Scotland. 1296 - 1304. Mostly Unknown Birthplaces.
Sir William Wallace Born Elderslie, Renfrewshire, Scotland, and Andrew de Moray. 1297–1298.
Sir Robert the Bruce. 1298–1300.
John III Comyn. 1298–1301. Born possibly Buchan, Aberdeenshire.
William de Lamberton. 1299–1301.
Sir Ingram de Umfraville. 1300–1301.
Sir John de Soule 1301-1304.


Kings and Queens of Scotland who mostly have birthplaces listed.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.  
Robert I the Bruce. 1306–1329. Turnberry Castle, Ayrshire, Scotland.
David II. 1329–1371. Dunfermline Palace, Fife, Scotland.
Edward Balliol 1332–1356. Unknown birthplace. Was opposing King to David II.
Robert II the Stewart. 1371–1390. Paisley, Scotland.
Robert III. 1390–1406. Scone Palace, Perth, Scotland.
James I. 1406–1437. Dunfermline Palace, Fife, Scotland.
James II. 1437–1460. Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Scotland.
James III. 1460–1488. Born in either Stirling or St Andrews Castles.
James IV. 1488–1513. Stirling Castle, Scotland
James V. 1513–1542. Linlithgow Palace, West Lothian, Scotland.
Mary I, Mary Queen of Scots. 1542–1567. Linlithgow Palace, West Lothian, Scotland.
James VI. 1567–1625. Edinburgh Castle, Scotland.

Union of the Crowns of England and Scotland. 1603.
James I of England 1603-1625. Edinburgh Castle, Scotland.
Charles I 1625–1649. Dunfermline Palace, Dunfermline, Scotland.
Charles II. 1649–1651. St James's Palace, Westminster, England.

Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland
Namje. Time In Power. Birthplace.
Oliver Cromwell. 1653–1658. Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, Kingdom of England.
Richard Cromwell. 1658-1659. Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, Kingdom of England.

The Restoration brought back the Monarchy of Scotland, although most were born in England.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.  
Charles II. 1660–1685. St James's Palace, Westminster, England
James VII. 1685–1688. St James's Palace, Westminster, England.
Mary II. 1689–1694. St James's Palace, Westminster, England.
William II 1689–1702. The Hague, Dutch Republic.
Anne. 1702–1707. St James's Palace, Westminster, England.

From then on the crowns of England and Scotland were combined.

I have listed Scottish born Kings of England and Ireland, who were also Kings of Scotland.

 

Interestingly Queen Elizabeth the second, or first of Scotland as some say, was the first monarch of Scotland to die in Scotland, since 1542. As none of the post 1606 ones had and the ones before them died outside Scotland, and there has only now been 2 Scottish monarchs who died in Scotland since 1489.   

Scottish Born Kings of England and Ireland
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
James Charles Stuart. 1604–1625. Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Charles I. 1625–1649. Dunfermline Palace, Dunfermline, Scotland.

Scottish born Administrators, Colonial Secretary, and Governors of Hong Kong.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
Sir Wilsone Black. 1898. Glasgow, Scotland.
David Mercer MacDougall. 1945–49. Perth, Scotland.
Sir Robert 'Robin' Brown Black. 1956–64. Edinburgh, Scotland.
Crawford Murray MacLehose, Baron MacLehose of Beoch. 1971–82. Glasgow, Scotland.
Sir David Wilson. 1987–92. Alloa, Clackmannanshire, Scotland.

 
Scottish Born Leaders in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand.  

Scottish Born Governor Generals of Australia.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun. 1901–02. South Queensferry, West Lothian, Scotland.
Ronald Munro Ferguson, 1st Viscount Novar. 1914–20. Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland.


Scottish Born Prime Ministers of Canada
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
John Alexander Macdonald. 1867–1873, and 1878–1891. Glasgow, Scotland. Liberal – Conservative Party.
Alexander Mackenzie. 1873–78. Logierait, Atholl, Scotland. Liberal Party.

Scottish Born Prime Ministers of Australia.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Sir George Houston Reid. 1904–05. Johnstone, Renfrewshire, Scotland. Free Trade Party.
Andrew Fisher. 1908–1909, 1910–1913, and 1914–1915. Crosshouse, Ayrshire, Scotland. Labor Party.

Scottish Born Premiers or Prime Ministers of New Zealand  
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
Edward Stafford. 1856–1861, 1865–1869 and 1872. Edinburgh, Scotland. Independent.
Sir Robert Stout. 1884, and 1884–1887. Shetland, Scotland. Independent.
Sir Thomas Mackenzie. 1912. Edinburgh, Scotland. Liberal Party.



Scottish Born Leaders in the USA.

Scottish Born Speakers of the United States House of Representatives
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party.
David Bremner Henderson. 1899–1903. Old Deer, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Republican Party.



Presidents of the USA with a Scottish Born Parent.
Name of President. Time In Power. Birthplace of Scottish Parent. Name of Scottish Born Parent.
Donald Trump. 2017 - . Isle of Lewis, Scotland. Mary Anne Macleod Trump.

Scottish Born President of the Continental Congress of the United States.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
Arthur St. Clair. 1787. Thurso, Scotland.


Governors of USA states Born in Scotland.
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace. Party. USA State Governed.
William Fleming,. 1781. Jedburgh, Scotland. Unknown Party. Virginia.
Edward Telfair. 1786–1787 and 1789–1793. Western Scotland. Unknown Party. Georgia.

Samuel Johnston. 1787–1789. Dundee, Scotland. Federalist Party. North Carolina.
Arthur MacArthur Sr. 1856.  Glasgow, Scotland. Unknown Party. Wisconsin.
Robert B. Lindsay. 1870–72. Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, Scotland. Democratic. Alabama.
William E Smith. 1878- 82. Inverness, Scotland. Republican Party. Wisconsin.
John McLane. 1905–07. Lennoxtown, Scotland. Republican Party. New Hampshire.


Scottish Born United States Cabinet Secretaries.
George Washington Campbell. Born Tongue, Scotland. United States Secretary of the Treasury 1814-1814.
James Wilson. Born Ayrshire, Scotland. Secretary of Agriculture 1897-1913.
William Bauchop Wilson. Born Blantyre, Lanarkshire, Scotland. United States Secretary of Labor 1913-21.

Other records.
Scottish Educated Presidents of Iran
Name. Time In Power. Scottish Education. Party.
Hassan Rouhani. 2013 -. Glasgow Caledonian University. Moderation and Development Party

President of Zambia with a Scottish father.
Name. Time In Power. Scottish Parent. Party.
Guy Scott. 2015–15. Alec Scott. Movement for Multi-Party Democracy, Patriotic Front..


Ghana Leaders with Scottish Fathers.
Name. Time In Power. Scottish Parent. Party.
Jerry Rawlings. President of Ghana 1993-2001  Head Of State of Ghana 1979, and 1981–93. James Ramsey John. Military.
Multi -Party Democracy.


Other notable figures.
Scottish Born Wealthiest Person In World
Andrew Carnegie, born Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland.

Scottish Born Secretary General of NATO
Name. Time In Power. Birthplace.
George Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen. 1999 – 2004. Port Ellen, Argyll.

Scottish Born Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the United Nations.
Name. Time in Power. Birthplace.
Donald Maitland. 1973 – 74. Edinburgh, Scotland.  
John Thomson. 1982 – 87. Aberdeen, Scotland.


Scottish Winners of Nobel Peace Prize.
Name. Birthplace. Year Won.
Arthur Henderson. Glasgow, Scotland. 1934.
John Boyd Orr. Kilmaurs, East Ayrshire, Scotland. 1949.

Alistair Darling was brought up in Scotland and achieved the position of Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Harold MacMillan was Prime Minister of the UK from 1957 – 63. Had Scottish roots and a Scottish surname.
David Cameron, has a Scottish surname and a Scottish father. He was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010–2016.
Alec Douglas-Home was Prime Minister from 1963-64. He had Scottish heritage.
William Ewart Gladstone had strong Scottish heritage and was Prime Minister of the UK, from 1868–74, 1880–85, 1886, and 1892 -94.
Willie Whitelaw who was born in Scotland, was seen as an unofficial Deputy Prime Minister of the UK, under the Thatcher government of the Nineteen Eighties.
Another interesting fact is that Prime Minister Winston Churchill was a member of parliament for Dundee from 1908–22.


Presidents, and Vice Presidents of the USA with Scottish or Scotch-Irish descent

James Monroe.
President 1817-1825.
Scottish and Welsh heritage. His great-great-grandfather, Andrew Monroe, had moved to North America from Ross-shire, Scotland in the 17th Century.
 

Andrew Jackson.
President 1829-1837.
Scotch-Irish heritage.


James Knox Polk.
President 1845-1849.
Scottish and Scotch-Irish heritage. His Scottish ancestor, Robert Pollock, moved to Ireland in the 17th Century. The family surname was later changed from Pollock to Polk.


James Buchanan.
President 1857-1861.
Scottish and Scotch-Irish heritage. His paternal great-grandmother, Katherine Blair, was born in Stirlingshire, Scotland.

Andrew Johnson.
President 1865-1869.
Vice President 1865-65.
Scotch-Irish and English heritage.

 
Ulysses S. Grant.
President 1869-1877.
Scottish, Scotch-Irish and English heritage.


Rutherford Hayes.
President 1877-1881.
Scottish and English heritage. His ancestor, George Hayes, moved from Scotland to Connecticut in the 17th Century.


Chester A. Arthur.
President 1881-1885.
Vice President 1881-1881.
Scotch-Irish, Scottish, and English heritage.


Grover Cleveland. Scotch-Irish and English heritage.
President 1885-1889, and 1893-1897.

Benjamin Harrison President.
1889-1893.
Scottish, Scotch-Irish and English heritage. His ancestor, David Irvine, was born in Aberdeenshire, and moved to Ireland.

William McKinley. Scottish and Scotch-Irish heritage.
President 1897-1901.

Theodore Roosevelt.
President 1901-1909.
Vice President 1901-1901.
Scottish, Scotch-Irish, Dutch, English & French heritage. His maternal great-great-great-grandmother, Jean Stobo, moved to North America from Scotland with in 1699.


William Howard Taft.
President 1909-1913.
Scotch-Irish and English heritage.
 
Woodrow Wilson.
President 1913-1921.
Scottish and Scotch-Irish heritage. His Scottish maternal grandparents, Rev. Dr Thomas Woodrow and Marion Williamson, moved to the USA in the 1830s.


Warren G. Harding.
President 1921-1923.
Scottish and English heritage. His paternal great-great grandmother, Lydia Crawford, was born in Midlothian, Scotland.
 

Harry S. Truman.
President 1945-1953.
Vice President 1945-45.
Scottish, English and German heritage. His paternal great-great-great-great-grandfather, Thomas Monteith, was a merchant from Glasgow, Scotland.


Lyndon Baines Johnson.
President 1963-1969.
Vice President 1961-63.
English, German and Scotch-Irish.
 

Richard Nixon.
President 1969-1974.
Vice President 1953-61.
Scotch-Irish, Irish, English and German heritage.


Gerald Ford.
President 1974-1977.
Vice President 1973-74.
Scottish and English heritage. His great-grandfather, Alexander Gardner, moved to Quebec from Kilmacolm, Scotland, in 1820.
 

Jimmy Carter. Scottish, Scotch-Irish and English heritage. An ancestor, Adam Clinkskaill, was Scottish.
President 1977-1981.

Ronald Reagan. Irish, Scottish, and English heritage. His great-grandfather, John Wilson, moved to North America from Paisley, Scotland, in 1832.
President 1981-1989.

George Herbert Walker Bush.
President 1989-1993.
Vice President 1981-89.
Scottish, Irish, and English heritage. A great-great-great-grandmother, Catherine Walker, was Scottish.

George Walker Bush Junior.
President 2001-2009.
Scottish, Irish, and English heritage. His ancestor, Catherine Walker, was Scottish.


Barack Obama.
President 2009-2017.
Scotch-Irish, English and Kenyan heritage. The ancestry of his mother's family is partially Scotch-Irish.


Donald Trump. Scottish and German heritage. Trump's mother, Mary Anne MacLeod, was born in Tong, Isle of Lewis, and moved to the USA in 1930.
President 2017 - 2021, 

 

Joe Biden, Irish, English, German, French, remote Scottish and Welsh heritage,

President 2021 - 

Other Vice Presidents of the USA of Scottish or Scotch-Irish descent.

John C. Calhoun.
Vice President 1825-32.
Scotch-Irish heritage.


George Mifflin Dallas.
Vice President 1845-49.
Scottish heritage.


Adlai Stevenson I.
Vice President 1893-97.
Scottish-Irish heritage.
 

Henry Agard Wallace Ulster Scots heritage.
Vice President 1941-45.

Walter Mondale.
Vice President 1977-1981.
Scottish heritage. His great-grandparents, Walter Cowan and Agnes Phorson, were Scottish.


Al Gore.
Vice President 1993-2001.
Winner of Nobel Prize for Peace 2007.
Scots-Irish heritage.


Other American Presidents of Scottish or Scotch-Irish heritage.

Sam Houston. Scotch-Irish heritage. President of Texas, 1836-38 and 1841-44.  

Jefferson Davis. Scotch-Irish heritage. President of Confederate States of America 1861-1865.

Arthur St. Clair. Scottish heritage. President under the Articles of Confederation 1788.

 

Four other interesting Scottish heritage leaders in the Americas, were Lachlan McGillivray, a 18th Century Scottish born trader in Indian territory, of great wealth, whose son was Alexander McGilivray who was half Scottish half Creek, and became a key leader of them, a tribe also known as the Muscogee, one of the 5 civilised tribes, in the time's parlance, from 1783, after his father had returned to Scotland, he became a leader of upper Creek tribes, he by 1793 was claiming to be emperor of the Creek and Seminole, with some justification. He was related to William Weatherford, a mixed Race French Scottish Native American, who was a Creek, chief of the upper area towns, in the 1810s, Plus William McIntosh, a part Scottish Native American warrior, given the amazing title, the white warrior, he was among the many chiefs of the Creek nation, he was among the lower towns of the Creeks. It seems these last 2 figures were on opposing sides in disagreements between Creeks. 

Other interesting ones,

​

The first secretary General of The League of Nations, the forerunner to the United Nations, was James Eric Drummond, 7th Earl of Perth, who though born in England, and educated at Eton, was regarded as Scottish, as of his position in the Scottish aristocracy, and Presbyterian family history (Not that other religions are less Scottish than it) .  He served from 1920 to 1933. He also became deputy leader of the then comparatively small Liberal Party in 1946. 

David McAllister, son of a Scottish father and German mother, became Minister-President of Lower Saxony from 2010 to 2013 as a Christian Democrat in charge of a coalition with the FDP.

Scotland contributed 4 field marshals to the Swedish army in the 30 years war, and at least one rear admiral and general in the Russian army in the same century.

 

The most significant was Alexander Keith, the Aberdeenshire born Jacobite, who went on to join armies in Europe, and rose up to become for a period in the 1740s defacto viceroy of Finland for Russia, and also in his time in the Russian imperial army the leader for on Russia's behalf of Ukraine. Plus later when in service in the Prussian army a leader over Berlin. 

 

Plus there were more Scots going to other armies. Such as the early 19th Century's Thomas Cochrane who was Vice Admiral and in charge of the Chilean Navy in their fight for independence, then the Imperial Brazilian Navy both of whom he commanded well, indeed winning Brazil it's sovereignty along with Brazilian actions being the main thing there, as of their personages, then just had a role in the Greek Navy v the Ottomans, 

Many British Pms have had Scottish roots, such as David Cameron, and Harold MacMillan, the list could go for a long time, but MacMillan, did partly consider himself Scottish, and prided not only his aristocratic ancestry, but
also his 19th Century crofter ancestry from Arran.
Also William Gladstone though born in England, who was PM, under the Liberals in the late 19th Century, for 12 years, considered himself Scottish as his parents were from there, indeed his Welsh born son played a completely unoffical Scotland England football match  in 1870 for Scotland. Which indicates how Scottish they felt.

 

Also last important facts, of course Keir Hardie led the Labour Party in parliament for 2 years in the 1900s, he was born in New House Lanarkshire, this was when it could be variously termed one of smaller parties in parliaments, behind the Liberals, and Conservatives, and various splits of those parties plus the Irish themed movements. Other Scottish born Labour leaders who were leaders of Labour in parliament before it became one of the 2 lead parties were Arthur Henderson and George Barnes, and William Adamson, indeed it's first English leaders arrived in the 20s, though Arthur Henderson also led Labour for a brief time when they were one of the two main parties in the 1930s, plus John Smith a Scottish born fellow did in the early 1990s as leader of the opposition, so that is the Labour leaders who were Scottish, who never were PM,

​

For the Liberals Asquith the English born 1910s Liberal PM, was a MP in Scotland for a while as was for a very brief time, Churchill, the Conservative PM, The Liberals also had Scottish born leaders who were never PM, like Jo Grimmond, a Etonian Fifer, who led the party in the fifties, to sixties in a mini revival, from very small 3rd party, to a less small 3rd party, plus David Steele who led the party in the 1980s. 

 

The party it merged into the Liberal Democrats, were led by Inverness born Charles Kennedy, in the 2000s,, and Glasgow born Menzies Campbell for just over a year in the same decade, plus fellow Glasweigan Jo Swinson, in 2019,

​

Also of the 3 SDP leaders of the 1980s, who were a ally of the Liberals as a new 3rd party in the 1980s,  the last, Robert MacLenannan for a brief time, was Scottish, and he was acting leader of the merged Liberal Democrats, with David Steel for a small number of months, till Paddy Ashdown became their first leader.

​

Very few Conservative Party leaders miss out on becoming PM, but at the height of New Labour, Edinburgh born Iain Duncan Smith led the party briefly, though it must be stated most assume him to be English, he does not dispute a Scottish identity, or his English and Japanese, ancestry. I better mention that seeing I have mentioned other parties.

​

Of course Scottish National Party leaders, Scottish Green and Scottish Socialist Party leaders like Tommy Sheridan born in Glasgow,  were usually Scottish born as well, but I can not list every single party leader, though of course sometimes even Scottish Labour and potentially Scottish Conservative leaders, have leaders born in England, for instance, and could even from other lands as you would expect, seeing Scotland is in the modern world.

​

Last of all, the last Jacobite Pretender, Bonnie Prince Charlie, whose army took briefly most of Scotland with Highland Clans in the 1740s rebellion, was born in Rome, and was part Polish, (actually descended off Sobieski, the guy who was key to defeating the Turkish Ottoman army at Vienna in the seventeenth century), but more significantly to his claim as King of Scotland, Ireland and England, he was the first in line heir of the Stuart kings deposed in the Glorious Revolution, of 88, so part Scottish.

​

Also a Scot became mayor of Warsaw in the late seventeenth century, though to be honest if I listed ever Scottish born mayor of US, and Aussie towns this list would be very long, especially ancestry, but this is a fine unusual one for so long ago. 

​

Also a Scottish Earls army in France helped them win a battle v English forces in 1421 that helped them guarantee their France. Of course great Scottish forces who served in the British army include a much longer list than that, especially including ancestry.

​

OK, a very last thing for here, well Scotland has had many political figures, nobles, and lords, and all the way back to cheiftains and druids of the Iron Age as, priests and Covenanters ministers of later time, so I will mention that in the 17th Century the Stuart kings often allowed local powers while they were in England, as kings, indeed the forces of people such as Knox  and the like, had much power.

​

The most notable is Archibald Campbell the Marquess of Argyll, born in 1607,in Edinburgh, but executed after the restoration by royalists in 1661. He was defacto head of the government in the 40s. There were a number of essentially tit for tat executions in the Civil War era.

​

Plus the last secretary of state for Scotland, before the act of union in 1707, was James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry, born Dumfrieshire, 1662, he was Lords High Commisoner to the parliament of Scotland,, effectively the head of ruling Scotland, appointed by the king. There were over 20 between the union of the Crowns and act of union, but they were I think King's appointees, though surely would have been people of some power and prestige, before appointment in most cases. They were always Scottish nobles, though one of them was actually James the seventh before he became king, this to deal with uprisings.

John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale, born in Lethington Castle East Lothian,1616, was this post on a total of six occasions. 

Other major positions in Scotland then and before included the Treasurer, and the Lord Chancellor, both of which in total would amount reach to tens,oif noblemen, warriors, and religous figures stretchcing back to the 12th Century, at the very least.